Definition

Age-adjusted incidence rate of breast cancer diagnosed at a late stage in females per 100,000 standard population. * ICD-O-3 codes: C50.0-C50.9 (excl. types 9590-9992) * Late stage = regional (Stage 2-5) and distant (Stage 7)

Numerator

Number of new cases of breast cancer diagnosed at the regional or distant stage among females

Denominator

Total number of females in the population

Why Is This Important?

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among American women.[http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/ ^1^] Female breast cancer diagnosed at later stages is harder to treat and is consistent with higher mortality.

Healthy People Objective: Reduce late-stage female breast cancer

U.S. Target: 42.1 new cases per 100,000 females (age-adjusted)
State Target: 43.7 new cases per 100,000 females (age-adjusted)

Other Objectives

'''Healthy New Jersey 2020 Objective CA-11''': Reduce the age-adjusted incidence rate of late-stage female breast cancer per 100,000 female population to 43.7 for the total population, 43.3 among Whites, 48.9 among Blacks, 35.7 among Hispanics, and (revised) 30.1 among Asians.

How Are We Doing?

The original Healthy New Jersey 2020 targets were achieved by all subgroups. Additional years of data will be needed to determine if the decline in rates in 2020 was solely due to decreased screening during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Evidence-based Practices

Getting mammograms regularly can lower the risk of dying from breast cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends that average-risk women who are 50 to 74 years old should have a screening mammogram every two years.[http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/ ^1^]

Available Services

The [http://www.nj.gov/health/ces/public/resources/njceed.shtml New Jersey Cancer Education and Early Detection] (NJCEED) Program provides comprehensive outreach, education and screening services for breast cancer.

Health Program Information

NJDOH cancer resources: [http://nj.gov/health/ces]

Health Care System Factors

Health care system factors associated with late-stage breast cancer diagnosis include lack of '''health insurance''' ([https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.30722 Hsu et al., 2017]).

Risk Factors

Sociodemographic factors associated with late-stage breast cancer diagnosis include '''race/ethnicity''' and '''marital status''' ([https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.30722 Hsu et al., 2017]).

Health Status Outcomes

Using data from SEER 18 (2009-2015), the [https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/breast.html National Cancer Institute] found the five-year '''relative survival''' for women diagnosed with distant stage (metastasized) breast cancer to be approximately 6% overall. [Last reviewed: 1/27/20]

Data Notes

This is Healthy New Jersey 2020 Objective CA-11. Data for White, Black, and Asian/PI do not include Hispanics. Hispanic ethnicity includes persons of any race. *NJ 2020 data are considered preliminary and should not be used in trend analyses; an approximate 10% decrease in the number of cancer cases diagnosed in 2020 compared to 2019, is partly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients experienced difficulties scheduling medical appointments and cancer screening tests in 2020.

References and Community Resources

1. CDC Breast Cancer Info: [http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/] National Cancer Institute: [https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast] NJ Cancer Incidence Data: [http://www.nj.gov/health/ces/cancer-researchers/cancer-data/]