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Complete Health Indicator Report of Perinatal Mortality Rate

Definition

Rate of fetal deaths at 28 or more weeks of gestation plus infant deaths less than 7 days of age in a given year, per 1,000 live births plus fetal deaths of 28 or more weeks gestation in the same year. [NCHS Definition I] Fetal death, which is also referred to as stillbirth or miscarriage, is defined as death prior to the complete expulsion or extraction of the fetus from its mother, where the fetus shows no signs of life. Additionally, only spontaneous fetal deaths, not induced or intentional terminations of pregnancy, are included in this definition.

Numerator

Number of resident fetal deaths at 28 or more weeks of gestation plus resident infant deaths less than 7 days old in a given year

Denominator

Number of live births plus fetal deaths of 28 or more weeks gestation to resident mothers in the same year

Why Is This Important?

The perinatal death rate is a critical measure of a population's health. Fetal and neonatal mortality, the components of perinatal mortality, are important indicators of fetal, infant, and maternal health status and medical care (pre- and post-delivery).

Healthy People Objective: Fetal and infant deaths during perinatal period (28 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth)

U.S. Target: 5.9 perinatal deaths per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths

How Are We Doing?

The perinatal mortality rate in New Jersey is slowly declining, yet disparities exist across the state and by maternal and infant characteristics. For example, the rate among children of Black mothers is well above that of other race/ethnicity groups.

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

Since 2000, the perinatal mortality rate among New Jersey residents has been consistently below that of the nation as a whole.

What Is Being Done?

The Division of [https://nj.gov/health/fhs/ Family Health Services] in the New Jersey Department of Health administers programs to enhance the health, safety and well-being of families and communities in New Jersey. Several programs are aimed at improving children's health, including reducing perinatal mortality. Information on programs that promote availability and use of [http://njparentlink.nj.gov/njparentlink/health/before/ prenatal care services] and programs that promote [http://njparentlink.nj.gov/njparentlink/health/safety/ newborn health] are available online. The Department of Health has provided state funding to improve perinatal public health services and birth outcomes in communities. Perinatal deaths are reviewed by the [https://www.nj.gov/health/fhs/maternalchild/outcomes/mortality-reviews/ Fetal Infant Mortality Review Team] and recommendations to reduce future deaths are made to public and private sources of care including hospitals, clinics, and health care professionals throughout the state. Efforts are continuing to increase public and provider awareness of needs for greater access to maternal preconception care, more awareness of risky preconception and post-conception behavior and for better general maternal health care.

Available Services

The Division of Family Health Services provides support for pregnant women and newborns through several programs, including the [http://www.nj.gov/health/fhs/wic/index.shtml Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children] (WIC), public education and identification of perinatal mood disorders, and professional and public Perinatal Addiction education services, screening, and a network of available resources to aid pregnant, substance-using women. [http://njparentlink.nj.gov/ NJ Parent Link], an interdepartmental website, is New Jersey's online Early Childhood, Parenting, and Professional Resource Center offering "one-stop shopping" for State services and resources.


Related Indicators

Related Health Care System Factors Indicators:


Related Risk Factors Indicators:


Related Health Status Outcomes Indicators:



Data Tables


Perinatal Mortality Rate, by Year, New Jersey and the United States, 2000-2020

US/NJYearDeaths per 1,000 Live Births Plus Fetal Deaths
Record Count: 42
US20006.97
US20016.90
US20026.91
US20036.78
US20046.73
US20056.64
US20066.51
US20076.45
US20086.49
US20096.23
US20106.18
US20116.26
US20126.22
US20136.24
US20146.01
US20155.99
US20165.99
US20175.92
US20185.82
US20195.68
US20205.62
NJ20006.33
NJ20016.66
NJ20026.20
NJ20036.03
NJ20045.96
NJ20055.12
NJ20065.78
NJ20075.30
NJ20085.23
NJ20095.34
NJ20105.29
NJ20115.13
NJ20125.08
NJ20135.18
NJ20145.00
NJ20155.07
NJ20165.06
NJ20175.23
NJ20184.79
NJ20194.97
NJ20205.24

Data Notes

This indicator uses NCHS Definition I of perinatal mortality. Please note the age for neonatal deaths and the gestational age for fetal deaths when making comparisons to other data sources as Definition II is more inclusive and therefore produces higher rates than Definition I.

Data Sources

  • Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registry, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Fetal death public-use data. CDC WONDER On-line Database accessed at [https://wonder.cdc.gov/fetal-deaths-current.html]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Linked Birth/Infant Death Records, CDC WONDER On-line Database accessed at [http://wonder.cdc.gov/lbd.html]
  • Fetal Death Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registration, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Linked Infant Death-Birth Database, Center for Health Statistics, New Jersey Department of Health
  • National Vital Statistics System, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/index.htm]


Perinatal Mortality Rate by Mother's Race/Ethnicity, New Jersey, 2018-2020

Race/EthnicityYearDeaths per 1,000 Live Births Plus Fetal DeathsNumer- atorDenom- inator
Record Count: 12
White20183.314644,856
White20193.816644,205
White20203.816543,498
Black201810.214013,733
Black20198.210813,121
Black20209.812412,653
Hispanic20184.913427,475
Hispanic20194.813327,458
Hispanic20205.214227,159
Asian20183.43911,365
Asian20194.44810,947
Asian20204.14210,307

Data Notes

This indicator uses NCHS Definition I of perinatal mortality. Please note the age for neonatal deaths and the gestational age for fetal deaths when making comparisons to other data sources as Definition II is more inclusive and therefore produces higher rates than Definition I.

Data Sources

  • Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registry, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Fetal death public-use data. CDC WONDER On-line Database accessed at [https://wonder.cdc.gov/fetal-deaths-current.html]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Linked Birth/Infant Death Records, CDC WONDER On-line Database accessed at [http://wonder.cdc.gov/lbd.html]


Perinatal Mortality Distribution of Leading Causes, New Jersey, 2018-2020

Cause of DeathPercentage of Perinatal Deaths
Record Count: 7
Congenital Anomalies11.5%
Fetal Death of Unspecified Cause20.4%
Maternal Complications of This Pregnancy6.0%
Maternal Complications That May Be Unrelated to This Pregnancy5.5%
Placenta, Cord, and Membrane Complications21.8%
Short Gestation/LBW10.1%
Other Causes24.5%

Data Notes

This indicator uses NCHS Definition I of perinatal mortality. Please note the age for neonatal deaths and the gestational age for fetal deaths when making comparisons to other data sources as Definition II is more inclusive and therefore produces higher rates than Definition I.

Data Sources

  • Fetal Death Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registration, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Linked Infant Death-Birth Database, Center for Health Statistics, New Jersey Department of Health


Perinatal Mortality Rate by County of Residence, New Jersey, 2018-2020

CountyDeaths per 1,000 Live Births Plus Fetal Deaths
Record Count: 23
Atlantic6.6
Bergen3.8
Burlington5.2
Camden6.1
Cape May**
Cumberland6.9
Essex6.4
Gloucester5.4
Hudson4.2
Hunterdon**
Mercer6.4
Middlesex5.2
Monmouth4.8
Morris3.4
Ocean4.4
Passaic4.3
Salem**
Somerset4.3
Sussex**
Union4.6
Warren**
New Jersey5.0
United States5.6

Data Notes

This indicator uses NCHS Definition I of perinatal mortality. Please note the age for neonatal deaths and the gestational age for fetal deaths when making comparisons to other data sources as Definition II is more inclusive and therefore produces higher rates than Definition I.   ** The number of deaths is too small to calculate a reliable rate.

Data Sources

  • Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registry, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Fetal Death Certificate Database, Office of Vital Statistics and Registration, New Jersey Department of Health
  • Linked Infant Death-Birth Database, Center for Health Statistics, New Jersey Department of Health

References and Community Resources

Valenzuela CP, Gregory ECW, Martin JA. [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db429.pdf Decline in perinatal mortality in the United States, 2017-2019]. NCHS Data Brief, no 429. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2022 Gregory ECW, Drake P, Martin JA. [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db316.pdf Lack of change in perinatal mortality in the United States, 2014-2016]. NCHS Data Brief, no 316. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2018. MacDorman MF, Gregory ECW. [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_08.pdf Fetal and perinatal mortality: United States, 2013]. National vital statistics reports; vol 64 no 8. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2015.

Page Content Updated On 08/22/2023, Published on 08/22/2023
The information provided above is from the Department of Health's NJSHAD web site (https://nj.gov/health/shad). The information published on this website may be reproduced without permission. Please use the following citation: " Retrieved Fri, 29 March 2024 1:44:03 from Department of Health, New Jersey State Health Assessment Data Web site: https://nj.gov/health/shad ".

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